Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Common in Vegetarians)

Vitamin B12 deficiency is strikingly common in India — especially among vegetarians — because B12 comes almost entirely from animal foods. It’s worth understanding.

Why it matters and the symptoms

B12 is essential for nerves, red blood cells and energy. Deficiency builds slowly and can cause fatigue, weakness, tingling/numbness, poor concentration, low mood and anaemia. Left long enough it can cause lasting nerve issues — so it’s not one to ignore.

Sources and what to do

• Sources: B12 is found in meat, fish, eggs and dairy. Vegetarians get some from dairy; vegans get almost none from food.
• Vegetarians/vegans often need a B12 supplement or fortified foods — this is one of the few supplements many genuinely need.
• If you have symptoms, get a blood test and follow your doctor’s advice on dose — don’t self-diagnose (disclaimer).

Quick answers

What are symptoms of B12 deficiency?

Fatigue, weakness, tingling or numbness, poor concentration, low mood and anaemia. It develops slowly, so it’s easy to miss.

Do vegetarians need a B12 supplement?

Often yes — B12 comes mainly from animal foods. Vegetarians relying only on dairy, and especially vegans, frequently need one.

Related guides